On the 17 february 2011, soon after the outbreak of protests in egypt and tunisia, which marked the beginning of the arab spring, libyans in benghazi joined in peaceful protests against the oppressive rule of colonel muammar gaddafi. Adopted by the security council at its 6498th meeting, on 17 march 2011. This endorsed the conclusions of the berlin conference on libya. Security council resolutions and statements unsmil. The involvement of regional organizations in enforcement of the nofly zone nfz in libya, purportedly in support of united nations security council resolution 1973, raises interesting questions about the role of regional organizations in collective security in general, and. The following is united nations resolution 1973, as passed by the security council on march 17, 2011 by a vote of 100, with 5 abstentions. The security council resolution was proposed by france, lebanon, and the united kingdom ten security council members voted in the affirmative bosnia and herzegovina, colombia, gabon, lebanon, nigeria, portugal, south africa, and permanent members france, the united.
Assessing natos involvement in libya united nations. I spent much of yesterday conducting interviews with the media about the situation in libya. The resolution established a ban on all flights in the airspace of libya in order to help protect civilians and authorized member states to take all necessary. In followup to resolution 1970, the security council met on 17 march to confront the increasing threat to populations and voted on resolution 1973, calling for a nofly zone as well as a ceasefire. The goal, obama explained, was to save the lives of peaceful, prodemocracy protesters who found themselves the target of a crackdown by libyan dictator muammar alqaddafi. The implementation of the united nations security council. Human rights watch debating ken roths judgment and leadership over controversial saudi donation. Travel ban 1 quren salih quren al qadhafi libyan ambassador to chad. The israelis supported the resolution because it called on the arab states to accept israels right to live in peace within. The law of politics abstract this paper analyzes recent developments in the intervention in libya from the perspective of international relations and international law. As to lessons learned, this is a much broader issue which unfortunately. Recalling its resolution 1970 2011 and all its subsequent resolutions on libya, reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and national unity of libya, taking note of the report of the secretarygeneral on the united nations. On march 17, 2011, the united nations security council unsc adopted resolution 1973, providing the legal framework for the subsequent nato led military intervention in libya.
The implication from the libyan example is that politics was the impetus for the. By resolution 1970 2011 and resolution 1973 2011, the security council decided. In the present article, we will address the issue of the legality of the recent intervention against libya by firstly stating the history and the context of the intervention that lead to resolution 1973. Reinforces and adjusts the arms embargo, travel ban, and asset freeze. The united states stands with the libyan people in support of their universal rights. United nations security council resolution 1973 wikipedia. Just two days after resolution 1973 was adopted, french planes attacked gadhafis forces advancing on benghazi, and the u. The security council, recalling its resolution 1970 2011 of 26 february 2011, deploring the failure of the libyan authorities to comply with resolution 1970 2011, expressing grave concern at the deteriorating situation, the escalation of violence, and the heavy civilian.
On the issue of the security councils summary of what had happened in the course of implementing resolution 1973 against libya, ambassador churkin explained the dilemma this posed for the council. These resolutions imposed sanctions on key members of the gaddafi government and authorized nato to implement an arms embargo, a nofly zone and to use all means necessary, short. The comprehensive resolution also included provisions for a more robust arms embargo and called for travel bans and asset freezes on additional libyan individuals, companies, banks and other entities. Security council dist general 17 march 2011 resolution 1973 2011. This resolution set the path to resolution 1973, of march 17, which allowed the intervention in libya. Unscr proposed designations number name justification identifiers annex i. Decides to modify the measures imposed in paragraphs 17, 19, 20 and 21 of resolution 1970 2011 and paragraph 19 of resolution 1973 2011 with respect to the central bank of libya, the libyan arab foreign bank lafb, the libyan investment authority lia, and the libyan africa investment portfolio laip as. Second reissue for technical reasons 10 march 2011. Bbc diplomatic correspondent jonathan marcus deciphers. Unsc resolution 1973 was passed on 17th march 2011 against libya arab jamahiriya called libya from here, to protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat of attack1. The evidence suggests that states decided to intervene in libya prior to sanction from the united nations security councils resolution 1973. The security council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Uns libya resolution 1973 is better late than never move helps to repair damage caused by the iraq war, and the failure then of the security council to authorise the use of force philippe sands. Swift, is a strange way to describe the american response to the.
Operation unified protector was a nato operation in 2011 enforcing united nations security council resolutions 1970 and 1973 concerning the libyan civil war and adopted on 26 february and 17 march 2011, respectively. This was a report on the human rights situation in libya, with particular focus on the protection of civilians, administration of justice, rule of law and transitional justice. Recalling its resolution 1970 2011 of 26 february 2011. Libyan authorities with this resolution and resolution 1970 2011. How far does the resolution permit the coalition now acting in. Sanctions list materials united nations security council. While the scope and limits of the authorization to use armed force in. Libya and the united nations security council resolution. Uns libya resolution 1973 is better late than never. Interpretation of security council resolution 1973 on libya. Natos methods in libya are also prompting questions. Explicitly resolutions 1970 and 1973 call for protecting the libyan civilians apparently from. Even before the security council approved resolution 1973, the daily uae newspaper the national in its editorial urged the unsc to take action, criticizing the u.
The adoption came after the qadhafiregime had violently responded to what. Establishes a panel of experts to consult on libyas future. Human rights council unhrc libya friday, march 18, 2011 12. Resolution 1973 2011 adopted by the security council at its 6498th meeting, on 17 march 2011 the security council, recalling its resolution 1970 2011 of 26 february 2011, deploring the failure of the libyan authorities to comply with resolution 1970 2011, expressing grave concern at the deteriorating situation, the escalation of. The security council, recalling its resolution 1970 2011 of 26 february 2011, deploring the failure of the libyan authorities to comply with resolution 1970 2011, expressing grave concern at. This resolution welcomed the libyan decision to eliminate all materials leading to the production of nuclear weapons. Requests all member states, to the extent possible, to cooperate in the. United nations security council resolution 1973, on the situation in libya, is a measure that was adopted on 17 march 2011.
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